戚继光武学思想的“儒道”与“释心”

“Confucianism-Taoism”and“Buddhist-ideal”in Qi Jiguang's Wushu Theories

运用文献资料法、历史学和逻辑学方法,通过考察戚继光武学思想的理论内涵,论述其思想中包含的儒学渊源和其在实际治军和行军活动中对阳明心学"致良知"和"知行合一"理论的身体力行,以及透发出的汉传佛教之内在精神,并讨论戚继光如何通过其武学实践而将他的思想体系应用于世。认为:戚继光的兵儒合一之道践行着心学之路,他创造性的把王守仁的心学思想融会贯通至练将、练兵甚至军事作战当中,将武学与心学相融合,创造了军旅中的心学理论;戚继光的武学思想虽然成于儒家之道,又以阳明为之用,但其理论之大本之心却无处不透发出佛学的思维模式。戚继光的武学之路是一条践行"儒道",实践"释心"的大道。

Based on the methods of literature review,history and logical analysis,through theoretical investigation on the connotations of Qi Jiguang＇s Wushu theories,this paper studies on the Confucian origin of Qi＇s Wushu theories and the appliance of Yangming＂conscience＂and ＂ knowledge and action＂ theory to specific military management and marching activities,as well as the inner spirit of Chinese Buddhism.It also analyzes how Qi applied his theory system to the real world through Wushu practice.It concludes that Qi＇s theory of integrating military and Confucianism is the appliance of mind philosophy,where he creatively applied Wang Shouren＇s philosophy of the mind to military training and even to specific battles,and established the military philosophy of the mind by integrating Wushu theory with mind philosophy.Although originated from Confucianism and the appliance of Yangming＇s theories,Qi＇s Wushu theories exhibit the thinking pattern of Buddhism in essence.Qi＇s Wushu approach is the appliance of＂Confucianism-Taoism＂and＂Buddhist-ideal＂by nature.