脑电采集系统的发展及其现代化应用

The Development and Modern Application of the EEG Signal Acquisition System

脑电信号包含了运动、语言和思维意识等丰富的大脑信息,反映着人的情绪、警觉度等生命体征状态。近年来,由于脑电信号处理的飞速发展,脑电应用也从医疗康复向驾驶安全、教育辅助和娱乐消费等日常领域发展。脑电采集系统由头皮电极、信号隔离放大器、模数转换器和无线发送等模块构成,低功耗、小体积和便携化是当前的主要方向。对适宜佩戴的电极、高集成度采集芯片和分析算法的研究现状、难点进行了分析和预测,并对脑电采集系统在军事领域的广阔应用前景进行了展望。

EEG（Electroencephalography） signal contains lots of information about our brain activities, including motion, language, and mentality, which reflects the mental state such as emotion and vigilance level. Recently, with the rapid ad- vancement of EEG signal processing, the application using EEG signal is moving from medical rehabilitation toward safe driving, education assisting, entertaining and other fields. EEG signal acquisition system generally consists of electrodes on the scalp, isolation amplifier, analog digital converter and wireless transmitter. Lowering the electrical power consumption and miniaturizing of the size of the device to increase its portability are the major issues under research. The current research status of the wearable electrodes, highly-integrated data acquisition chip and the analytical algorithms used in the EEG sys- tem is analyzed, the major difficulties are summarized and the future trends are predicted. Finally, the great potential of the EEG signal acquisition system in military application is discussed.