核麦间作模式下氮肥运筹对小麦光合速率、光合物质积累及产量的影响

Effect of Nitrogen Application on the Photosynthetic Rate and Photosynthetic Matter Accumulation and Yield in Walnut-Wheat Intercropping

【目的】核麦间作模式下,研究氮肥运筹对小麦光合特性及产量形成的影响,确定核麦间作模式下合理的氮肥运筹模式。【方法】核麦间作模式下,研究不同氮肥运筹模式对小麦叶绿素含量、光合速率、光合物质积累、分配及产量和产量构成变化的影响。【结果】在核麦间作模式下,重施拔节肥处理小麦叶绿素含量、光合速率、光合物质积累及向生殖器官分配、千粒重和产量显著高于重施返青肥处理,施氮量30 kg处理高于施氮量40 kg处理。产量最高处理为追施尿素30 kg、返青期:拔节期=3:7。【结论】在核麦间作模式下,在适宜施氮量条件下,适当降低返青期追氮量,增加拔节期追氮量,提高小麦叶片叶绿素含量和光合速率、延长叶片光合功能期,增加光合物质累积量的同时,促进光合物质向籽粒分配的比例,提高千粒重,从而获得较高的产量。

[ Objective ] In order to research the effect of nitrogen application on the photosynthetic pro- duction and yield formation and determine the reasonable nitrogen application model in walnut -wheat intercropping. [ Method ] The changes of nitrogen application on chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, photo- synthetic matter accumulation, distribution, yield and yield components were studied in walnutwheat intercropping model. [ Result] The results showed that chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, photosynthetic mat- ter accumulation and distribute to photosynthate dry weight of reproductive organ and 1000 - grain weight and yield of the treatment of re - applied jointing fertilizer were higher than that of the treatment of re - applied reviving fertilizer,the treatment of Nitrogen 30 kg were higher than that of the treatment of Nitrogen 40 kg. The highest yield treatment was topdressing urea 30 kg, reviving： jointing stage = 3： 7. [ Conclusion ] In the nuclear - wheat intereropping pattern, the appropriate amount of nitrogen in the conditions was to reduce the amount of nitrogen reviving chase, increase chase nitrogen at the jointing stage, which could promote chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate in wheat leaves, extend photosynthetic function of the blades, increasee the cumulative amount of photosynthetic material at the same time, the proportion of photosynthetic material could facilitate the distribution of grain, increase grain weight, thus resulting in higher yields.