产业聚集能提升区域公共福利水平吗

Will Industrial Clustering Promote Regional Public Welfare

鉴于我国经济发展过程中的空间不平衡现象，本文从理论与实证两个层面研究产业聚集对区域公共福利水平的影响。研究表明，在其他条件不变的情况下，区位熵与区域人均教育支出和人均社会保障支出水平呈U型关系；在处理模型中的内生性问题后，产业聚集对区域公共福利指数存在非线性的影响，临界值在区位熵为1．23—4．56之间。这意味着初始阶段的产业聚集将对社会服务性公共福利产生“挤出效应”；而在超过临界值之后。政府将调整其公共支出结构，从偏向生产性投资转为偏向公共福利方面。因此，推进城镇化与产业聚集协同发展、引导产业适度转移、协调中央与地方政府对公共福利的供给责任，是提升区域公共福利及其均等化的有效措施。

In consideration of the spatial imbalance in China＇ s economic development, this article studies the influence of industrial clustering on regional public welfare from theoretical and empirical research perspective. Research indicates that ceteris paribus, there is a U - shaped relationship between location quotient and regional per capita expenditure on education and social security. After settling the endogenous problems in the model, industrial clustering has nonlinear influence on regional public welfare, which reaches the critical value when the location quotient is between 1. 3 and 4. 6. It can be inferred that industrial clustering at the primary stage will have crowding- out effect on public social and service welfare. If the critical value is exceeded, the gov- ernment will adjust its structure of public expenditure from productive investment to public welfare. Therefore, the synergetic development of urbanization and industrial clustering, appropriate industrial transfer, and coordination of supply responsibility between central and local governments are effective measures to promote regional public welfare and its equalization.