玩忽职守罪司法认定中相关问题蠡测

On Problems Related to Crime of Dereliction of Duty in the Judicial Cognizance

在玩忽职守罪的认定中,对国家机关工作人员职责的确定是认定该罪的前提。司法实务中对职责的认定存在诸多误区,如以"职务"定职责、以"岗位"定职责或以"签字"定职责。即使在明确了职责的前提下,对行为人的行为与刑法条文或司法解释中所规定的构成结果之间因果关系的认定,亦常成为难题。玩忽职守罪的职责认定、因果关系的判断、责任主体的认定等问题如果不能得到很好的解决,可能导致玩忽职守罪判定的错误,以致法律被误用,滋生冤狱,最终会消减刑法人权保障之功能。就前述问题予以探讨,管窥蠡测,以期对玩忽职守罪的刑法理论与实务研究有些许参考与鉴戒。

To confirm the limit of duty relate to the staff members of state organs is the premise in the judicial cognizance about Crime of Dereliction of Duty.As a matter of fact,there are many mistakes in the judicial practice,such as judging the responsibility depending on＂position＂,＂jobs＂,＂signature＂and so on.When the problem was resolved,there is another difficult question usually.That is how to estimate the causal relationship between the act and the consequence.If the problems above cannot be resolved perfectly the subject of criminal responsibility will be affirmed mistakenly.The direct result is the abuse of Crime Law.That will destroy the function of the law in the protection of human rights.The keynote of this article is to analyze the questions above in expectation to do some benefit to criminal theory and judicial practice in the field relating to crime of dereliction of duty.