神农架林区华山松大小蠹生物学特性研究

Bionomics of Dendroctonus armandi in Shennongjia forestry district

采用野外定点调查和室内培养相结合的方法,观察研究了不同海拔地区华山松大小蠹生活史和生活习性。结果表明:神农架地区华山松大小蠹以幼虫越冬,在海拔1700 m区域,4月上旬开始恢复进食,4月下旬开始化蛹,5月中旬羽化为成虫,5月下旬开始扬飞并在7月和9月形成2个入侵高峰,10月下旬进入越冬状态。1 a可完成2代。相比海拔1700 m,海拔2100 m区域的华山松大小蠹发育进度推迟10 d,并提前10 d进入越冬;海拔2500 m区域的华山松大小蠹发育进度推迟25 d,并提前25 d进入越冬。

The life history and habit of Dendroctonus armandi at different altitudes in Shennongjia forestry district were investigated with the methods of laboratory rearing and field survey. The results showed that D. armandi overwintered as larva. At the altitude of 1700 m,the larvae resumed eating in early April and began to pupate in late April,the adult emerged in mid May and began to fly in late may,this process ended in mid October and reached the climax in the July and September respectively,the larvae began to overwinter in late October. Most of the bark beetles had two generations a year at this altitude. Compared with the area at the altitude of 1700 m D. armandi delayed its developing progress and advanced its overwintering 10 days at the altitude of 2100 m and 25 days at the altitude of2500 m respectively.