氮杂[60]富勒烯的优化合成

Optimization of Synthesizing Aza[60]fullerene

氮杂富勒烯是目前唯一得到较为广泛研究的杂富勒烯,但较低的合成产率成为了制约其深入研究的主要障碍.本研究对比了氮杂[60]富勒烯的Wudl、Gan、Hirsch等3种合成方法,并对Wudl法的影响因素进行了系统研究,经工艺优化,显著地抑制了从C60到羰基内酰胺中间产物合成过程中的副产物的生成,基于回收原料C60的羰基内酰胺中间产物产率达63.9%,氮杂[60]富勒烯的总产率由11.3%提高到20.9%,且过量C60可高效回收并直接使用.本研究基于对影响氮杂[60]富勒烯合成产率的因素的深入探讨,提出的工艺较Wudl法降低了氮杂[60]富勒烯的制备成本,为进一步探索氮杂富勒烯的性质规律和应用前景创造了有利条件.

The azafullerenes are the only known heterofullerenes that have been investigated widely, typically exemplified by aza[60] fullerene,in which one or more carbons are substituted by nitrogen atom（s） in C60 cage. Extensive attention has been paid owing to its unique structure and reactive activities, hut its in-depth study and application are restricted by its low yield. This paper summa- rized the research background and recent progress of azafullerenes,compared the three synthetic methods （Gan＇s method, Hirsch＇s method and Wudl＇s method） for aza[60]fullerene direct,and focused on optimizing the Wudl＇s method systematically. Especially, the by-products in the conversion process from C60 to fulleroid had been inhibited efficiently. The yield of fulleroid had increased to 63.9% based on recycling C60. The total yield of aza[60]fullerene had increased from 11.3% to 20.9%,and the excess C60 could be isolated and used again. This optimization reduced the cost of preparing aza[60]fullerene,and made the aza[60]fullerenes more easily available compared with Wudl＇s method,which would create opportunities for probing more interesting nature and important application in the future study of azafullerenes.