北方城市垃圾渗滤液水量水质变化特征

Change characteristics of landfill leachate quantity and quality in north cities

研究了垃圾卫生填埋场渗滤液的年产量、夏季产量及其与填埋场规模、运行年限之间的关系。分析了填埋场夏季渗滤液的COD、BOD5、氨氮、p H值和BOD5/COD规律。研究结果表明,渗滤液年产量与填埋场规模、运行年限有关。渗滤液夏季产量变化规律与其相应的年产量并不一致。规模M≤100 t/d、100500 t/d的填埋场夏季渗滤液产量呈现出不同的变化特征。各填埋场的夏季渗滤液水质差别较大,COD值总体偏小,处于35.5～3 029.8 mg/L之间;BOD5值处于6.5～1 120.7 mg/L之间;64.2%的填埋场夏季渗滤液的BOD5/COD值≥0.30,可生化性较好;氨氮为21～1 273 mg/L。研究结果可为国内城市垃圾卫生填埋场渗滤液处理工作提供参考。

The relations among annual quantity,summer quantity,the size of landfill site,and the employ period were studied. The variations of COD,BOD5,NH4-N,p H and BOD5/ COD in summer period were analyzed. The research indicated that the annual quantity was related with the size and the employ period. The change characteristics of leachate in summer period were not consistent with the corresponding annual quantity.The leachate quantity in summer period from landfill with different size（ M≤100 t / d,100 M≤200 t / d,200 M≤500 t /d,M 500 t /d） showed variable characteristics. The leachate quality in summer period from different landfills showed apparent difference. The COD were low in general. The COD and BOD5 obtained were in ranges of 35. 5—3 029. 8 mg / L and 6. 5—1 120. 7 mg / L. The BOD5/ COD ratios of 64. 2% landfills were equal or greater than 0. 30,which indicated that the biodegradability of leachate was fairly biodegradable. The NH4-N concentrations were in ranges of 21—1 273 mg / L. The research results are valueable for the leachate treatment of internal urban waste sanitary landfill.