中药临床药学特殊内容探讨

A Discussion on Particularity of Clinical Pharmacy in Traditional Chinese Medicine

目的提出中医中药在发展临床药学过程中面临的特殊内容,并剖析其原因,为学科发展提供参考。方法简述临床药学发展史,对比分析临床药学与中医中药的关系与特点,并阐述了在保证中药临床合理应用时所面临的特殊内容。结果个体化精准用药是现代临床药学的发展方向,现代医药学科分化促使临床药师成为团队药学专家,但这种模式和路径可能并不适合本就具备辩证观和整体观的传统中医中药。与此同时,中药临床药学在药品质量的评价与管控方面、在临床用药合理性评价方面、在药品处方及非处方使用主体方面、在临床药学科研的思路方法方面,均存在不同于现代临床药学的特殊内容。结论中医药独特的治疗特点决定了中药临床药学不同于现代临床药学的诸多特殊性,创新而非照搬是必经的发展之路。

OBJECTIVE To point out the particularity of clinical pharmacy in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and dissect the causes, with the aim to promote the discipline development. METHODS The history of clinical pharmacy was introduced briefly first. Its relationship with TCM was analyzed and their respective characteristics were compared. Then the particularity of TCM clinical pharmacy were elucidated from the view of ensuring rational drug use. RESULTS Personalized medicine is regarded as the future of clinical pharmacy, where clinical pharmacists can play as pharmacy specialists in the multidiseipline team. However, this kind of mod- el may not be suitable for TCM which has already taken the dialectic and holistic approach as its most important guidelines. In addi- tion, TCM clinical pharmacy has some particular methodologies in terms of drug quality evaluation and control, assessment of clinical application, administration of medicinal herbs/patent medicines, and scientific research. CONCLUSION The particular principles of TCM diagnosis and prescriptions, to some extent, may define the different characteristics of TCM clinical pharmacy in comparison with clinical pharmacy in western medicine. Innovation rather than fully copying should be the solution.