2010—2013年乌鲁木齐市医疗机构X射线放射工作人员个人剂量监测结果分析

Analysis on Monitoring Results of X-Ray Radiation Workers' Personal Dose in Medical Institutions in Urumqi City from 2010 to 2013

[目的]了解乌鲁木齐市医疗机构X射线放射工作人员2010—2013年职业性外照射受照剂量水平,为放射防护工作提供科学依据。[方法]以乌鲁木齐市41家医疗机构373名X射线放射工作人员为研究对象,用热释光个人剂量测量方法测定个人剂量,并按国家标准GBZ 128—2002《职业性外照射个人监测规范》对检测结果进行评价,用方差分析等方法对不同年份、不同级别医疗机构、不同工种X射线放射工作人员个人剂量监测结果进行统计学分析。[结果]2010—2013年乌鲁木齐市医疗机构X射线放射工作人员各年的人均年有效剂量均低于国家标准所规定的20 m Sv的限值。不同医疗机构之间,三级医疗机构X射线放射工作人员人均年有效剂量最高(0.97±0.54)m Sv,二级医疗机构次之(0.91±0.23)m Sv,一级医疗机构最低(0.71±0.22)m Sv。不同工种之间,医用放射工作人员人均年有效剂量从大到小排列依次为介入放射学操作(1.39±0.62)m Sv、X射线摄影(0.85±0.28)m Sv、牙科诊断(0.65±0.22)m Sv。[结论]乌鲁木齐市X射线放射工作人员的个人受照剂量监测结果在不同年份、不同医疗机构以及不同工种之间存在一定差异,但均低于我国放射卫生防护标准。

[ Objective] To understand the occupational external exposure dose of X-ray radiation workers from medical institutions in Urumqi City from 2010 to 2013, and provide a scientific basis for radiation protection. [ Methods ] A total of 373 X-ray radiation workers from 41 medical institutions in Urumqi City were recruited to determine individual dose with thermoluminescent personal dosimeter and evaluate the results according to the national standard Specifications oflndividual Monitoring for Occupational External Exposure （GBZ 128-2002）. Statistical analysis on radiation workers of different monitoring years, medical institution levels, and types of work were performed by variance of analysis. [ Results ] From 2010 to 2013 in Urumqi City, the selected X-ray radiation workers＇ per capita annual effective doses were lower than the national standard limit （20 mSv）. In terms of medical institution levels, those from tertiary medical institutions presented highest per capita annual effective dose of （0.97 ± 0.54） mSv, followed by those from secondary medical institutions of （0.91 ± 0.23） mSv and those from primary medical institutions of （0.71 ± 0.22） mSv. In terms of types of work, the per capita annual effective dose from high to low were interventional radiological operation [（1.39 ± 0.62） mSv], X ray photography [（0.85 ± 0.28） mSv], and dental diagnosis [（0.65 ± 0.22） mSv]. [ Conclusion ] Varied monitoring results of individual exposure doses are detected among the X-ray radiation workers grouped by monitoring year, medical institution, and type of work, but all are lower than the radiological health protection standard in China.