南宁市疟疾流行态势及对输血安全的影响

Epidemiological Characteristics of Malaria in Nanning and effects in safety of blood Transfusion

目的分析南宁市疟疾的流行态势及其对输血安全的影响,为血液筛查的适时调整提供依据。方法在对南宁市2004-2013年疟疾的发病情况进行描述性分析的基础上,用χ2检验比较男女的发病情况和分析发病趋势。结果男性疟疾的发病率显著高于女性（χ2=1251.02,P=0.000）,男性患疟疾的风险是女性的72.359倍。南宁市99.45%的疟疾病例在15-60岁之间,其中25-50岁占81.24%。2004-2013年15-60岁人群疟疾的年均发病率为3.536/10万,且发病总体上呈上升趋势（χ2=2657.58,P=0.000）,其中2013年上升较为明显。结论潜在献血人群与疟疾高危人群具有相同的人口学特征,单纯的血常规筛查不能完全避免无症状的疟原虫带虫者献血,因此,在加强献血者健康征询的前提下有必要根据实际对高危疟疾献血者增加疟原虫筛查检测。

Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Nanning and effects in safety of blood transfusion, and to provide the bases for adjusting blood screening strategies. Methods Epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Nanning from 2004 to 2013 were descriptively analyzed. Prevalence between male and female was compared byχ2 test. And tendency of prevalence was analyzed by tendencyχ2 test. Results Prevalence of male was higher than female＇s（χ2=1251.02, P=0.000）. The onset risk of male was 72.359 time of female＇s. The ages of 99.45% cases was 15 to 60 years old; and 81.24% cases was 25 to 50 years old. The annual prevalence on average was 3.536 every hundred thousand among people aged 15 to 60 from 2004 to 2013; and the prevalence showed increasing tendency（χ2=2657.58, P=0.000）. Conclusion It is identical in people＇s characteristics between the potential blood donors and the high risk groups in malaria. And we can＇t completely avoid symptomless carriers of haemoplasmodium donating blood by merely testing the blood routine. Therefore, it is necessary for the high risk donors of malaria to increase screening item about haemoplasmodium besides strengthening health consulation.