欧盟对中亚国家的能源政策及其对中国的启示

European Union's Energy Policy in Central Asia and the Implications for China

能源,作为工业社会的血液,已然成为当今人类社会赖以生存的最重要的自然资源。中亚地区因其蕴含丰富的能源资源和得天独厚的地缘优势,成为世界各国竞相合作的焦点。欧盟作为世界第二大能源进口方,在能源需求和能源消费方面存在着巨大缺口。目前,欧盟在与中亚交通和能源合作方面提出两个计划和一个倡议:即欧洲国际油气运输计划(INOGATE)、欧洲-高加索-亚洲交通走廊计划(也称欧亚大陆桥计划,ТРАСЕСА)和"巴库倡议"。在具体实践领域,欧盟积极推动"纳布科"天然气管道以及"南溪项目"的建设,从而实现中亚能源向欧盟顺利运输以及欧盟能源多元化供给的战略目标。欧盟对中亚能源政策的制定,为与欧盟面临同样能源境遇的中国从战略目标、危机意识,对外援助计划、能源外交及"一体化"进程以及可再生能源的开发和利用等方面提供了相应的启示。

Central Asia Countries,due to the advantages of geography and rich energy resources,attracted the attention of world ＂ major players＂.European Union,as the second largest energy importer,has big gap between the energy import and consumer.Currently EU established ＂two plans＂ and ＂ one initiative＂ and Central Asia′s transportion and energy cooperation.Namely INOGATE,TPACECA and Baku Initiative.In practice,EU proposed the projects of ＂ Nabucco Pipeline＂ and ＂ South Stream Pipeline＂ in order to realize the strategy of transport the Central Asia′s oil and gas to European Union and diversified the energy supply.China and EU faced same situation,so EU′s energy policies in Central Asia,which made China take for reference and think over in formulating a long-term strategy in Central Asia.Especially EU′s specific energy strategic objective and strong sense of Crisis,Foreign Aid Plan,Energy Diplomacy and Energy Integration.