地理学、空间正义与历史地理唯物主义——论戴维·哈维对马克思主义的地理学改造

Geography、Space Justice and Historic Materialism——Harvey David's Reform of the Geography of Marx

对社会正义的追求,使哈维发现了传统实证地理学局限于学科内部的科学性追求而忽视了社会历史层面的不公正对地理的影响这一弊病,进而将地理学引入马克思主义,创造了坚持政治经济学批判的历史地理唯物主义。他从城市化与全球化两个层面展开对资本主义的空间批判。城市化的实质是资本城市化,也是资本主义资本积累与再生产的主要形式以及阶级斗争和资本积累之间内在矛盾的结果。全球化则是资本主义通过不断地空间征服和地理重组转嫁了自身的危机,掌握了越来越多的空间控制与支配。他对马克思主义的地理学改造使政治经济学批判在当代的社会政治、经济现实中获得了真实的地位,关于空间与资本主义关系的历史唯物主义解读对当下的文化研究影响巨大。

In order to pursuit the society justice,David Harvey found the malady of which the traditional empirical analysis in geography has been limited to scientific pursuit in the discipline＇s internal,but has ignored the effect of social and historical injustice,then,introduced geography into Marxism,and created a historical-geographical materialism.Based on two aspects of urbanization and globalization,he launched spatial critique of capitalism.The essence of urbanization was capital urbanization and was also the main form of capitalism＇s capital accumulation and reproduction as well as the result of internal contradiction between class struggle and capital accumulation. Globalization was that capitalism shifted the crises of itself by constantly spatial conquest and geographical recombinant,mastered more and more control and domination of space.His geographical transformation of Marxism made critique of political economy obtain true status during contemporary reality of politics and economy, especially the historical materialism interpretation about the relation of space and capitalism having great influence on current Culture Study.