初产妇母乳喂养自我效能与领悟社会支持对母乳喂养行为的影响

Analysis of breastfeeding self- efficacy,perceived social support and breastfeeding behavior in primiparas

目的 分析初产妇领悟社会支持和母乳喂养自我效能对母乳喂养行为的影响。方法 于2014年1月-2014年12月对深圳市某社区卫生服务中心管辖的185名产后28天的初产妇采用领悟社会支持量表、母乳喂养自我效能量表、母乳喂养行为问卷进行调查研究。结果 初产妇母乳喂养自我效能平均分为（106.23±25.14）分,领悟社会支持平均分为（59.96±12.85）分。不同文化程度与家庭月收入的初产妇的纯母乳喂养行为差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。初产妇母乳喂养自我效能和领悟社会支持是预测母乳喂养行为的主要因子,两者对母乳喂养行为的解释量达43.9%。结论 母乳喂养自我效能与领悟社会支持是影响初产妇纯母乳喂养行为的重要因素,应采取措施提升初产妇的母乳喂养自我效能和领悟社会支持,以提高纯母乳喂养率。

Objective To investigate the effect of the perceived social support and the breastfeeding self- efficacy in breastfeeding behavior.Methods Questioned 185 primiparas deliverying within 28 days registered in one community health service center of Shenzhen from January to December in 2014 with the Breastfeeding Self- Efficacy Scale,the Perceived Social Support Scale and the Questionnaire of Breastfeeding Behavior. Results The average score of the Breastfeeding Self- Efficacy Scale is( 106. 23 ± 25. 14). The average score of the Perceived Social Support Scale is( 59. 96 ± 12. 85). Primiparas with different education level and family income have different scores in breastfeeding behavior( P < 0. 05). The breastfeeding self- efficacy and the perceived social support can predict the breastfeeding behavior with 43. 9%.Conclusion The breastfeeding self- efficacy and the perceived social support are two major factors affecting breastfeeding behavior. Measures should be taken to improve the primiparas' breastfeeding self- efficacy and the perceived social support to enhance the breastfeeding behavior.