液固相法纤维素氨基甲酸酯的合成与表征

Synthesis and Characterization of Cellulose Carbamate by Liquid-Solid Phase

在高沸点非质子强极性溶剂N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)的作用下,使碱化处理的纤维素与尿素反应合成纤维素氨基甲酸酯。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱、凯氏定氮仪、热重分析仪、扫描电镜、广角X射线衍射仪、13 C-NMR核磁共振仪对纤维素氨基甲酸酯产物进行表征。结果表明,采用高沸点非质子强极性溶剂NMP的液固相法能够使碱纤维素上的基团部分被氨基取代,制得纤维素氨基甲酸酯;纤维素氨基甲酸酯结晶度降低、热分解温度降低、结构疏松,预期有较好的溶解性。

Using cellulose pulp or the activated cellulose pulp and urea as raw materials, cellulose carbamate can be successfully synthesized by esterification reaction in the high-boiling aprotic and polar solvents. The structure of cellulose carbamate was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）, Kjeldahl, thermo- gravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, X-ray diffractometry （XRD） and 13C-NMR. The results show that part groups of the alkali cellulose are substituted by amino in the high-boiling aprotic and polar solvents, then the cellulose carbamate are prepared with the reduced crystallinity and thermal decomposition temperature. In addition, the structure is loose, but the product has good solubility.