3%苦参碱水剂对黄瓜灰霉病的室内毒力测定和田间防治效果

Toxicity Test and Field Efficacy of 3% Matrine AS against Cucumber Gray Mold

苦参碱是一种新型的植物源农药,对农业生产上病虫害的低毒高效防治有着重要意义。本试验以黄瓜灰霉病为防治对象,采用菌丝生长速率法和常规喷雾法,对3%苦参碱水剂进行了室内毒力测定和田间药效试验。结果表明:苦参碱水剂对黄瓜灰霉病菌的毒力较强,毒力回归方程为Y=4.649 1+0.523X,EC50为4.687 5mg·L-1,仅为对照药剂腐霉利EC50的1/30。同时,田间药效结果显示:随着3%苦参碱水剂用量的增加,对黄瓜灰霉病的田间防治效果增强,当用量为900mL·hm-2时对黄瓜叶片和果实分别达到了70.36%和90.49%的防治效果。建议在生产中使用900mL·hm-2的3%苦参碱水剂来防治灰霉病。

Matrine AS is a new botanical pesticide,it is very important for the prevention and control of the pest and plant diseases in the future agricultural production.In order to definite the control effect of 3% matrine AS against cucumber gray mold,the mycelium growth rate method and spraying method were adopted to test the toxicity and field efficacy.The results showed that the toxicity of matrine AS againsted Botrytis cinerea was better than procymidone,the virulence regression equation was Y=4.649 1＋0.523 X,EC50 was 4.687 5 mg·L^-1 only 1/30 of the contrast.Meanwhile,the field efficacy results showed that the control effect of 3% matrine to the cucumber gray mold enhanced with the increased dosage.When the dosage is 900mL·hm^-2,the control effect on cucumber leaves and fruits reached70.36% and 90.49%,respectively.Therefore,the recommended dosage of 3% matrine AS is 900mL·hm^-2 for the prevention and control of gray mold.