交通基础设施PPP项目失败因素分析

Analysis of Transportation Infrastructure Public Private Partnerships Failing Factors

采用政府与社会资本合作模式(Public Private Partnerships,PPP)发展交通基础设施越来越受到国家的重视和大力推广。然而,在实践过程中,有大量的PPP项目以取消或提前终结而告终,公私合作模式依然存在诸多问题。失败的PPP合作模式不但给项目实施带来困难,同时给私人资本持有者和公共部门带来了巨大的损失。基于多案例研究方法,选取了世界范围内24个失败的交通基础设施公私合作项目,通过确认项目的失败原因,按责任归属方及所属项目阶段对各原因进行排序,并寻找上述失败因素之间的关联性,最终形成了10条失败因素之间的关系链。通过对失败因素关系链的分析,研究失败因素的特点和规律。研究结果表明,在PPP模式发展进程初期,与政府相关的因素是驱动因素,缺乏完善的法律框架和有效的监督体制,是导致项目失败的重要原因。

Public Private Partnership＇s（PPPs） models for transportation infrastructure delivery are becoming national attention and promotion. Experiences in countries around the world have shown many problems about PPPs, and many PPP programs have been canceled or termination. These problems have brought great loss to public sector and private sector. This study evaluates 24 failed transportation PPPs around the world and identified the failure reasons. These failure reasons are classified according to responsible owners and project process. Finally, this study investigates the relationship of these failures and forms 10 relation chains. This study discloses thant at the initial stage of PPPs development, the government＇s factors are the driving factors; vacancy of legal framework and effective supervise system are the main reasons resulting in PPP programs failure.