中国对东盟技术转移的动机与模式研究

The Motivation and Mode of Technology Transfer from China to ASEAN

文章基于技术势差理论、三优势模式理论,研究了中国对东盟技术转移的基本动因、典型特征及其实现模式。中国对东盟技术转移的根本动因是二者之间存在技术势差,供应方动因是中国在企业、产业和国家层面均存在对外技术转移的内在驱动力,而需求方动因则是东盟国家在农业、水利和矿产资源等领域存在技术需求。鉴于技术转移的双方同属发展中国家,中国对东盟技术转移呈现出"南南技术转移"的时代特征;而由于区位优势,滇桂地区成为中国对东盟技术转移的前沿和桥头堡。文章从技术转移的主体选择和实现途径等方面分析了中国对东盟技术转移的实现模式,并提出了完善中国-东盟技术转移平台、发挥企业的主体作用、建立科研合作机制等促进中国对东盟技术转移的对策建议。

The basic motivation, typical characteristic and implementation mode of technical transformation from China to ASEAN are studied based on the technical gap theory and the OIL paradigm theory. The basic motivation is the technical gap between China and ASEAN, and the suppliers＇ motivation is the inner driving force of foreign-orientation technical transformation in the enterprises, industries and Chinese government. The demanders＇ motivation is the technology demand in industries such as agriculture, water conserv-ancy, mineral resources, etc. in ASEAN. There is a typical characteristic of south-south cooperation in the technical transformation from China to ASEAN, because they are all developing countries. Yunnan and Guangxi have stood at the frontline as bridges of international technical transformation from China to ASEAN because of the geographical advantage. The technical transformation mode from the aspects of transferring body and implementation approach is analyzed. Finally, suggestions are provided such as improving the technical transformation platform, exerting the principal role of the enterprise and establishing research cooperation mechanism between China and ASEAN in order to promote international technology transfer from China to ASEAN.