广州市土地利用多功能的空间差异及影响因素分析

Spatial differences and influencing factors of land use function in Guangzhou

随着经济社会发展和土地利用格局变化,区域土地利用功能的多元化和空间差异特征日益明显。以县域为评价单元,从可持续发展的经济、环境和社会三大维度构建土地利用多功能评价指标体系,采用改进突变级数法评价广州市土地利用多功能水平,并对其空间差异及影响因素进行分析。结果表明:12005-2011年广州市土地利用总功能在所有区县几乎均增强,空间差异缩小,并呈现沿中心城区向外逐渐增强的态势。在总功能构成中,县级市和远郊区的农业生产和环境功能比重较大,中心城区和近郊区的社会、经济发展与交通功能占比较大。2单项功能在所有区县几乎均增强,空间差异有所变小。经济和社会功能由中心城区向外逐渐减弱,环境功能由中心城区向外逐渐增强。3农业生产和资源供给功能在所有区县均减弱,空间差异有所扩大,其它子功能几乎均增强,空间差异有所缩小。农业生产、资源供给和环境净化功能县级市和远郊区高于近郊区和中心城区,生态维持功能北部区县高于南部区县,文化休闲功能空间分异规律不明显,其它子功能基本是中心城区和近郊区高于远郊区和县级市。4影响土地利用多功能的因素主要包括自然资源禀赋、社会经济因素和政策因素等方面。

With rapid economic development, social progress and land use change, regional land use function has spatial differentiation and diversification. Taking Chinese counties as the research object, an evaluation index system of land use function was constructed from economic, environmental and social dimensions of sustainable development. The improved catastrophe progression method was used to evaluate land use functions in Guangzhou. The results show that land use total function was almost enhanced in all districts from 2005 to 2011; spatial differences further smaller and had a gradually enhanced trend along the central district outwards. In the proportion of total function, agricultural production and environmental functions were larger in the county-level cities and outer suburbs, while social, economic development and traffic functions accounted were relatively large in the central district and close suburbs. The land use single functions were almost strengthened in all districts of Guangzhou from 2005 to 2011, spatial differences became smaller, and economic and social functions gradually weakened from the central district outwards; however, environmental functions increased. Of 10 land use sub functions, agricultural production and resource supply functions were weakened in all districts from 2005 to 2011, spatial differences widened, others improved and spatial differences narrowed. Spatial differences showed that agricultural production, resource supply and environment purification functions at the county-level city and outer suburb were higher than those in the near suburb and the central district, ecological maintenance function in the northern districts was higher than those in the southern districts, leisure culture function did not have obvious spatial differentiation, and others in the central district and the near suburb were higher than those in county-level city and outer suburbs. The influencing factors of land use function included natural resource endowments, socio-economic conditions and regional development policy.