新型城镇化视角下的区域生态效率研究——以山东省17地市面板数据为例

Regional eco-efficiency under the perspective of new urbanization according to panel data for 17 cities in Shandong

新型城镇化建设提出以最小的生态代价获得最大的社会经济效益,而城镇化进程中的生态环境污染、生态效率低下等问题日益突出。本文选用山东省17地市2005-2012年的面板数据,基于BC2-DEA测算了纯技术条件下的区域生态效率,立足新型城镇化视角,构建了区域生态效率与城镇化水平、第三产业比重、环保财政投入、万元GDP能耗的STIRPAT模型,分析了城镇化水平和区域生态效率的关系。研究表明,城镇化水平和区域生态效率呈U型关系,半岛地区和鲁中地区的大部分城市处于U型曲线的上升阶段,鲁西地区的城镇化水平与区域生态效率呈线性关系,区域生态效率随城镇化水平的上升而下降。第三产业的比重、环保财政投入和万元GDP能耗从不同程度上影响城镇化进程中的区域生态效率。

China＇ s urbanization has attracted global attention and exhibited Chinese characteristics since 1990s. The fast, massive and profound development process of urbanization, has, due to the imbalanced development of various factors, resulted in complicated social problems. For example, shortages of resources and environmental pollution have become increasingly prominent. In the construction of new urbanization, spending minimum ecological loss to get maximum social and economic benefit remains the most important issue to solve. Based on panel data for 17 cities in Shandong, China from 2005 to 2012 and BC2-DEA model we calculated the regional eco-efficiency of pure technical efficiency. The STIRPAT model was used to study the relationship between level of urbanization and regional eco-efficiency. The results show that the relationship between level of urbanization and regional eco-efficiency is U-shaped, and that with level of urbanization, regional eco-efficiency decreases first and then increases. The majority of Shandong Peninsula Region and Middle Region of Shandong province have begun to enter an upward phrase, while regional eco-efficiency in the Northwest Region and Southwest Region of Shandong decreased with increasing level of urbanization. The proportion of tertiary industry, financial investment on environment and energy consumption per ten thousand Yuan GDP influence regional eco-efficiency under new urbanization in different ways. Therefore, it is necessary for Shandong to optimize industrial structure, protect the environment while developing economically, and apply advanced technologies to improve regional eco-efficiency under new urbanization.