挫折-攻击理论视角下的缅甸民族冲突浅析

The Myanmar Ethnic Conflict Studies through the Theory of Frustration and Attack

缅甸民族冲突问题由来已久,对缅甸国內及地区稳定乃至世界和平都产生了重要影响。其冲突的原因主要有:缅甸民地武追求自治和缅甸政府军想要实质性统一所遇到的一系列挫折而进行彼此攻击:民地武和政府军都想占有稀缺的自然资源;殖民政府时期所推行的民族政策,柰温政府"勘乱"政策埋下的祸根;冲突双方实力的变化及大国博弈留下的影子,等等。通过研究,本文认为国內战争和外部大国无休止地介入与干预均对缅甸国內民族冲突问题的解决有害无益,而只有"拼图式"的接触、对话、沟通和妥协才是解决这一问题的良策。

Myanmar ethnic conflicts have been a big problem for a long time,having had a significant impact on the regional stability and world peace.The reasons of the conflicts are listed as follows:firstly,the Myanmar minority people pursue military autonomy,but the Myanmar central government pursues national unity,therefore they often attack each another;secondly,they both want to occupy scarce natural resources;the ethnic policy of the British colonial government and the ' counter-insurgency' policy of the Nai Wen government laid the seeds of conflicts;fourthly,the change of power of the military groups and the great power game left the shadow,and so on.Based on the history,we can know that contacts,dialogues,communications and compromises are all good ways to solve this problem,rather than those of civil wars and interventions of the outside great powers.