农产品供应链对农户减贫增收的关联效应分析——基于滇、桂、苏、闽四省(区)的实证

Analysis on the correlation effect between agricultural product supply chain and rural households' poverty alleviation and income increasing:A case study of Yunnan, Guangxi, Jiangsu and Fujian Provinces

实现小农户与大市场的有效对接既是现代农业健康发展的必然要求,又是贫困农户减贫增收的现实路径。在农业市场化改革深入推进的背景下,通过培育农产品供应链以此带动农户减贫增收致富,是当前市场化减贫的重要方向。基于滇、桂、苏、闽四省(区)农户调查数据,采用多元有序Logistic模型,分析了农产品供应链对农户减贫增收的关联效应及区域差异。结果表明,农产品供应链对农户减贫增收具有正向作用,加入农产品供应链能显著增加农户收入,而且对欠发达地区的作用发挥优于发达地区。有无加工销售、农产品出售渠道、对供应链管理认可程度等供应链融入状况关键因素对农户减贫增收影响明显。因此,重视采取整合区域农业资源与要素,培育优势农产品供应链;协调农产品供应链主体关系,构建小农户稳定融入机制;加快农村基础设施建设步伐,深入推进农业市场化改革进程等优化措施,方能充分发挥农产品供应链对农户减贫增收的带动效应。

The effective connection between small-scale farms and big markets is a very important factor to the healthy development of agriculture in our country and also a key factor in rural households＇ poverty alleviation and income increasing. With the deepening of agricultural marketization reform, it is critical to encourage more research on rural households＇ poverty alleviation and income increasing by establishing agricultural product supply chain. Based on the survey data of rural households from Yunnan, Guangxi, Jiangsu and Fujian provinces, this paper builds a multiple ordinal logistic model and analyzes the correlation effect between agricultural product supply chain and rural households＇ poverty alleviation and income increasing. Results show that agricultural product supply chain has a positive influence on rural households＇ poverty alleviation and income increasing, and this effect is greater in underdeveloped areas than that in well developed areas. At the same time, results also show that the following factors, including value added processing, distribution channels of agricultural products, farmers＇ acceptance level of agricultural product supply chain, have significant impacts on rural households＇ poverty alleviation and income increasing. This paper also provides the following suggestions to enhance the effect of agricultural product supply chain on farmers＇ poverty reduction and income increasing： 1） to integrate the regional agricultural resources to build agricultural product supply chain, especially for those leading commodities; 2） to coordinate the relationship among different agricultural product supply chains to attract more small farmers to join; and 3） to accelerate the construction pace of rural infrastructure and promote the reform process of agricultural marketization.