“封杀”吸毒艺人的合宪性审查研究

Constitutional Review of Ban Artists Abused Drug

本文从国家新闻出版广电总局对吸毒艺人"封杀"即限制其劳动权的具体事例切入,研究限制吸毒者权利的合宪性。作者认为,公共利益内容的确定需要衡量,不应是一种大而化之的概括规定,需要用法律保留、比例原则、正当程序等技术性要件来审查。"封杀令"不但形式上不符合法律保留原则,而且内容上超出行政权范围随意处罚,违反我国《禁毒法》《戒毒条例》的禁止性规范。比较我国对吸毒者的职业准入或禁止的法律规范现状,让吸毒艺人彻底退出行业这种限制措施不够合理且过于严厉,法律规范不应对艺人赋予过高的道德和法律义务。"封杀令"本身规定不周延,不符合比例原则,违反正当程序,以间接的、非法治方式针对艺人,违反法不溯及既往原则,缺少必要的法律救济。

This paper studies on the constitutionality of restricting the labor rights of drug abusers from the bans of SARFT on drug-addicted artists. The determination of the content of public interest needs to be measured,not with general provisions,which should be reviewed by technical requirements,such as legal reservation,proportion principle,due process. These bans not only go without the principle of legal reservation in form,but the content is also beyond the scope of the administrative right,which violated rules of injunction of The Law Against Drug Abuse and Treatment of drug addiction. Analyzing the status quo of the legal norm of occupational admittance or prohibition of drug users in china,it can be found that letting drug addicts completely out of their industry is not reasonable but very strict,Legal norms do not respond to artists with high moral and legal obligations. The bans does not conform to the principle of proportionality with violation of due process、and goes against non-retroactivity principle,lack of necessary legal relief,which bring illegal treatment for artists indirectly.