琉球“己酉倭乱”与明代东亚局势推演之研究——兼论琉球的历史归属

A Study of Japanese Invasion of 1609 in Ryukyu and Deduction on Situation of East Asia in the Ming Dynasty: as well as Historical Belongingness of Ryukyu

万历三十七年(1609年)的"己酉倭乱"使得琉球王国不仅国破家亡,还与萨摩藩签订了丧权辱国的《掟十五条》等条约。然由于季风等原因,琉球未能将国难的信息及时传递至明朝,致使坐失解决良机。之后虽有遣使相告,但信息模糊,明廷并未明了其"倭乱"实情。万历四十年真相大白的"己酉倭乱"震动明廷朝野,各级官吏、士绅就援救琉球、封贡、海防、朝日关系等问题展开热烈讨论。最终,明廷以限制琉球贡期为措施,泄泄焉了结了萨摩入侵琉球后的中日琉三国关系。

In 1609,Kingdom of Ryukyu perished because of Japanese invasion,and was compelled to sign Okite Ju Go Jo and many other unequal treaties with Satsuma of Japan. However,due to monsoon and other unknown reasons,information of national calamity was failed to delivered to Ming Dynasty,that miss the opportunity to solving this problem. Although Ryukyu sent emissaries to China for many times to inform the situation of Japanese invasion,while the vague information,the government of Ming Dynasty still not fully learned.Till the year of 1612,the truth of Japanese invasion in 1609 was entirely cleared,which reverberated throughout the court of Ming,all levels of government officials and gentries hotly discussed the question about Ryukyu rescuing,tributary system,coast defence,Joseon and Japan relationship and many other issues. Finally,restriction of Ryukyu's tributary duration was adopted by Ming Dynasty,which settled the relationship among China,Japan and Ryukyu in a hurry and causal way.