配方施肥对欧洲鹅耳枥幼苗光合生理的影响

Effects of Formulated Fertilization on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Carpinus betulus Seedlings

采用三因素三水平正交试验设计,研究不同施肥量水平氮(100、200、300 mg·株-1)、磷(50、100、150mg·株-1)、钾(50、100、150 mg·株-1)对欧洲鹅耳枥盆栽幼苗光合特性的影响。结果表明:氮、磷、钾三因素中,以磷肥影响最大,氮和钾肥影响次之。氮、磷、钾适宜的施肥水平分别为100、50、100 mg·株-1。相关性分析表明,净光合速率与叶绿素质量分数、蒸腾速率、气孔导度呈极显著正相关,而与胞间CO2摩尔分数呈极显著负相关。通过隶属函数对不同配方施肥进行综合评价,表明施肥量(S)为S(N)∶S(P)∶S(K)=6∶1∶2(N:300 mg·株-1、P:50 mg·株-1、K:100 mg·株-1),即为幼苗最适宜的施肥配方。

Orthogonal design with three factors including N,P,K nutrients at three levels（ N： 100,200 and 300 mg·seedling^-1,P： 50,100 and 150 mg·seedling^-1,K： 50,100 and 150 mg·seedling^-1） was used to conduct the experiments of photosynthetic characteristics. P was the most important nutrient of the NPK. The proper levels of NPK were N of 100 mg·seedling^-1,P of 50 mg·seedling^-1and K of 100 mg·seedling^-1. By correlation analysis,the total chlorophyll,Pn,Trand Gshad the significant positive correlation,while the Cihad the negative correlation with the other photosynthetic parameters. The most appropriate NPK for photosynthetic characteristics was N ∶ P ∶ K = 6 ∶ 1 ∶ 2（ N： 300 mg·seedling^-1,P：50 mg·seedling^-1,K： 100 mg·seedling^-1）.