地面滴灌对107杨幼林生长和水肥利用的影响

Effects of Drip Irrigation on the Growth and Use Efficiency of Water and Fertilizer of Young‘107'Poplar Plantation

以北京永定河沙地107杨人工幼林为研究对象,比较滴灌和常规沟灌对杨树生长的影响。结果表明:滴灌栽培107杨,2、3年生幼龄林的蓄积量分别为13.37、41.15 m3/hm2,是沟灌的2.22、1.68倍。滴灌能明显促进107杨各器官的生长,增加生物产量,滴灌栽培使3年生杨树单株的干生物量为沟灌的2.42倍,并且滴灌还能提高107杨幼林体内含水率。滴灌栽培107杨幼林2、3年生的水分利用率分别是0.84和3.89 m3/hm2,分别是沟灌的1.91倍和2.84倍。滴灌能减少107杨幼林田间养分的流失,显著提高107杨幼林田间各养分利用率,同时对107杨单株植物各养分利用率也有一定提升。

We studied the growth and use efficiency of water and fertilizer of ‘107＇poplar trees（ Populus × euramericana cv.‘74/76＇） in the young plantations with drip irrigation and furrow irrigation on sandy soil of Yongding River in Beijing. The drip irrigation on the volume growth of 2-and 3-year-old‘107＇poplar plantation,respectively,reached 13.37 and 41.15 m^3/hm^2,which was 2.22 and 1.68 times as much as that with the furrow irrigation treatment. It was significantly promoted the growth of various organs and the biomass and water content of ‘107＇poplar tree with drip irrigation. The stem biomass of3-year-old ‘107＇poplar tree with drip irrigation was 2.42 times as much as that with the furrow irrigation. Water use efficiencies of 2-and 3-year-old‘107＇poplar plantation with drip irrigation were 0.84 and 3.89 m^3/ hm^2,which were 1.91 and2.84 times as much as that with the furrow irrigation,respectively. Compared with the furrow irrigation of young‘107＇polar plantation,drip irrigation significantly increased the field nutrient utilization and decreased the loss of field nutrient as well as single tree.