成龄枣树高接冬枣及管理技术要点

The Main Cultural and Management Techniques of Chinese Jujube Top Grafting on Old Jujube

枣树寿命长,在枣区常见树龄二三百年的枣树依然结果良好。成龄金丝小枣或其他大枣树改接冬枣,不仅可以延续枣树的经济寿命,而且嫁接投资少、树冠恢复快、早果丰产,较利用冬枣幼树建园可提早2～3年见效益,是冬枣快速建园的一个好方法。但是成龄枣树高接冬枣不仅要求科学的嫁接技术,而且要通过3年连续不断的规范管理,才能使嫁接树树型稳固、结果稳定,接后2年长成新树冠,3年恢复树体原产量。文中阐述了冬枣高接换头技术(包括接穗选择、采集、接穗封蜡处理、嫁接时期、嫁接方法、剪砧和嫁接方式等)和接后3年的管理技术要点(包括抹芽、放芽、新梢绑缚、土肥水管理、修剪、花果管理和病虫害防治等)。

Jujube is long life, jujube trees with 200 or 300 years old in the area of the jujube tree are still good fruits. If we should take top grafting of Chinese jujube on old jujube and other big jujube trees, not only the extend economic life, but also the top grafting of low investment, and quick recovery crown, early bearing and high yield, those may be built ahead of 2 or 3 years than the use of winter park saplings to see effective, winter Park is a good way. However, old jujube top grafting required not only scientific, and countinuing through 3 years of standard management to make a solid top grafting tree type, the fruits of steability, then the elderly after a new crown in 2 years, the original yield of the tree to restore in 3 years. The article described the high Chinese jujube grafting techniques and the management techniques after 3 years.