提高委内瑞拉常压渣油转化效率的工艺研究

FUNDAMENTAL STUDY ON INCREASING CONVERSION OF VENEZUELAN ATMOSPHERIC RESIDUE

以委内瑞拉常压渣油（VAR）为原料，在焦化釜与高压釜中分别进行焦化和模拟悬浮床加氢裂化试验，考察VAR焦化产物分布及悬浮床加氢裂化产物分布，研究悬浮床加氢裂化尾油的基本性质及平均结构参数，比较VAR直接焦化与悬浮床加氢一尾油焦化两种工艺的产品收率。结果表明：VAR悬浮床加氢裂化尾油的性质较差，残炭高，但其饱和分和芳香分质量分数可达39％～50％，烷基碳率为0．14～0．24，表明尾油仍具有一定的可裂化性能；与直接焦化工艺相比，悬浮床加氢一焦化组合工艺可提高液体收率及柴汽比，同时降低焦炭产率，用于加工委内瑞拉常压渣油是可行的。

The product distributions of simulative slurry-bed hydrocracking and coking with Venezuelan atmospheric residue （VAR） were studied in an autoclave and a coking still pilot plant, respectively. The physical and chemical properties and average structural parameters of hydrocracking bottom oil were investigated. The results of single coking process and slurry-bed hydrocracking-coking combined process were compared. The results show that though the quality of the unconverted bottom oil is poor and the residue carbon is high, the alkyl carbon rate and content of saturates and aromatics can reach 0.14-0.24 and 39%- 50%, respectively, indicating a certain cracking ability of hydrocracking bottom oil. Compared with the single coking process, the slurry-bed hydrocracking-coking combined process has much higher liquid yield and diesel/gasoline ratio, and lower coke. It is concluded that the slurry-bed hydrocracking-coking combined process for processing Venezuela atmospheric residue is feasible. Key Words. slurry-bed hydrocracking; hydrocracking bottom oil; coking~ liquid yield