试析关联理论“反说”正说现象

On the Contradictory Explanations of the Positive Contents in Relevance Theory

本文是关联理论批评研究系列论文之一。纵观《关联性:交际与认知》全书,在大部分重要概念和其后的论述中,前后都有自相矛盾现象。必须指出的是,作者提出的基本观点和基本论述是正确的,这是关联理论的正说。但随后的多处论述却出现自我否定和矛盾,这些自相矛盾或有失偏颇之处属于关联理论的"反说",这些却不是关联理论创始者的本意。本文拟从关联原则、语境效果、交际3个方面,对《关联性:交际与认知》中的正说和"反说"做对比展示和分析,以期为正说正名和指出"反说"的荒谬,并进一步分析导致"反说"正说现象的原因。

This paper is one of the series of the critical studies against Relevance Theory. In Relevance ： Communication and Cognition, many discussions and explanations turn out to be somewhat contradictory to most of the previous important definitions concerned. What is to be stressed is that the basic viewpoints and some explanations are correct, which are the positive arguments of Rele- vance Theory. Nevertheless, many discussions and explanations of the concerned definitions are of self-negation and self-contra- diction, which are considered as the negative arguments of Relevance Theory which Sperber and Wilson did not intend to achieve. The paper makes the comparative demonstration and analysis of the positive arguments and the negative ones of Relevance ： Com- munication and Cognition, the intention of which is to justify the positive arguments and to criticize the absurdity of the negative ones. Besides, the paper also analyzes the reasons resulting in the above self-contradictions and self-negations.