区域供冷系统中人员用能行为的影响

Influence of Occupant Behavior on the Efficiency of a District Cooling System

本文针对某区域供冷的住宅小区展开调研测试,通过实测数据分析该区域供冷系统在夏季供冷情况下的能耗状况及性能情况,并结合模拟手段对区域供冷系统在住宅建筑中的适用性展开分析和讨论。研究发现用户的空调使用方式将极大地影响区域供冷系统的能耗及能效情况。在部分负荷的状况下,区域供冷系统的输配能耗成为制约系统能效的主要原因。由于人员用能行为对区域供冷系统的能耗及能效情况具有重要影响,在进行技术适宜性评价的过程中,应充分考虑人行为对区域供冷系统能耗及能效的影响。在住宅建筑中采用区域供冷方案时,需要充分考虑用户侧负荷需求不同步、负荷率低的特征,解决输配系统和冷源系统在低负荷率下的运行调节方式,以实现较好的运行效果。

Our analysis of energy-saving effect of the district cooling system is based on field measurements and computer simulations. A real project with district cooling system in a residential community was analyzed in this paper. The on-off data of air terminals from the metering system and results of field measurements of cooling consumption indicate that the AC use modes in the residential community led to an uneven distributed cooling consumption among different households and different time. This distributed characteristic of cooling load requirements made the operation condition of the district cooling system very different from the design condition,and led to a poor operation performance. The system efficiency of the measured district cooling system was only1. 2,and the consumption of water pumps accounted for 42% of the total consumption. The simulation results in this paper also prove that AC use modes have an important influence on the energy consumption and system efficiency of district cooling systems. The calculation results reveal that the electricity consumption of the district cooling system increases as the increase of system efficiency. Under different AC use modes,the applicability analysis results of district cooling systems would be very different. For the general AC use modes in residential buildings in China,it is worth considering whether the application of district cooling systems is suitable.