实际用能方式下的夏热冬冷地区居住建筑围护结构节能设计研究

Research on Energy Efficiency Design for Residential Building Envelope under the Actual Energy Consuming Method in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Zone

夏热冬冷地区居住建筑具有间歇和局部用能的特点。本文运用Design Builder软件,采用抽象建筑模型模拟分析了不同围护结构保温方式对不同朝向及夜间和白天两种使用模式的房间全年冷热负荷的影响。结果显示,分室间歇用能方式下,内外保温措施的平均供暖节能率显著高于平均制冷节能率。这导致实际供暖与空调期同规范相出入是围护节能措施实际节能率远低于理论设计节能率的主要原因之一。居室能耗同房间作息及朝向关联性很大,极端情况下总能耗相差可达21.7%,应尝试发展以户室为单位的节能设计方法。外墙内保温对全年能耗的降低效果优于外墙外保温。内保温在夜间用能下节能率最大,可达23.2%。

There exists intermittent and compartmental energy consuming method in residential buildings in hot summer and cold winter zone. An abstract building model was used in this paper with the Design Builder software to analyze the influence on annual heating and cooling load of rooms with different orientations and energy consuming time from different building envelope insulation way. Results showed that under the actual energy consuming method,the average energy saving rate of heating is significantly higher than that of cooling both with internal and external insulation. This leads to the discrepancy between the actual value with design standard value for heating and cooling period became one of the main reasons for actual energy saving rate lower than that of theoretical design. The room energy consumption varied with different human behaviors and orientations, the extreme difference value can reach 21. 7%. Thus,the unit design method for energy efficiency should be developed. The reducing effect on annual energy consumption of external insulation is better than that of internal insulation. The energy saving rate of internal insulation is maximum（ 23. 2%） under night time occupation.