基于马氏链与事件的室内人员移动模型

A Markov Chain and Event Based Model for Building Occupant Movement Process

人员是建筑房间中各类设备使用调节的主体,其是否在室不仅影响室内发热量大小,通常也是设备使用调节行为发生的先决条件。为了准确模拟建筑热环境及室内设备的运行能耗,必须首先准确描述建筑中的房间人员状况。本文提出一种基于马尓可夫链和事件的室内人员移动模型,用于描述和模拟人员个体在建筑中的位置移动过程。该方法可有效反映建筑中各房间人员状况随时间的随机变化规律,并为室内发热量及设备使用行为的模拟计算提供了基础。

Occupants are the subjects of the usage and operation of all room devices in a building. Presence or absence of each occupant in a room not only influences the amount of internal heat gains,but also is prerequisite to the usage and operation of room devices. In order to accurately predict building thermal environment and devices＇ operational energy consumptions,the occupancy status of each room should be accurately described. This paper presents a mathematical model for the occupant movement process in a building based on Markov chain and event,and performs it to simulate the position change of each occupant in the building. The model can reproduce a realistic stochastic variation of building occupancy and provide an technical basis for the simulation of internal heat gains and devices＇ operation in each room.