20世纪上半期唯物史观“阶级观点”中国化论析

On the Sinicization of the “Class Viewpoint” of Historical Materialism in the First Half of the 20^(th) Century

近代中国的阶级观点源于西方,伴随着唯物史现在中国的传播,20世纪上半期,阶级观点中国化逐渐形成。与单纯的学术话语建构不同,阶级观点中国化过程,是理论与实践双重轨迹运行的结果,具有理论与实践双重意义。20世纪20年代前后,在社会革命视阈下,中国传统的均平观念渗透进入阶级观点的内涵,但不同政派对待阶级斗争问题的分歧巨大,对立十分严重,成为导致当时中国社会政派分化的思想根源之一。20世纪上半期,唯物史观阶级观点中国化建构经历了几次重要的转换,除传统的均平观念渗透外,阶级斗争作为历史发展主观能动力量,被纳入唯物史观理论体系,20世纪三四十年代人民群众观点使阶级观点的内涵再次发生转向,成为对20世纪中国产生深远影响的观念体系。

While the class viewpoint originated in the West,it gradually became sinicized after it spread,together with historical materialism,to China in the first half of the 20^(th) century.This sinicization was not simply an academic exercise,but reflected a changing social reality.During the 1920 s,many attracted to the theory drew on the egalitarian idea of traditional society and developed divergent approaches to the applications of class struggle in Chinese history.In the end,class viewpoint became absorbed in historical materialism.But discussions of its meaning and application continued through the later periods,turning the class viewpoint into an influential historical theory in 20^(th) century China.