植物亲缘识别的研究进展

Recent advance of kin recognition in plant

植物的亲缘识别(kin recognition)指植物通过识别周边个体与自己的亲缘关系,调整自身的生长生态策略、促进亲缘个体的生存与繁衍。研究表明,植物主要通过特定的叶片挥发物、根系分泌物、感光载体等途径,识别周边个体与自己的亲缘关系,改变自身形态学策略(如根系大小、根冠比、种子数量等)或者生理代谢策略(次生代谢物质、防御蛋白等),调整与周边个体的竞争强度,缓和与近亲缘个体之间的竞争,加强与远亲缘或非亲缘个体的竞争。同时亲缘识别的强度也受环境因子(养分等)的影响。结合目前的研究进展,该文分析了导致亲缘识别的研究结果存在差异或争议的主要原因,认为主要与实验材料的选择、亲缘关系的界定标准、环境条件及测定的指标不统一有关。将来的研究应重点从生理生化、分子、代谢水平上深入研究植物亲缘识别的机理。

Plants have the ability to discriminate kin members from strangers in competitive interactions and show altruistic behavior towards related individuals. Studies have showed that plants recognize their neighbors and adjust their ecological strategy mainly through leaf volatiles, root secretions and photographic carrier. The target plants can modify their morphological traits （root size, root：shoot ratio, seed numbers etc.） or metabolism characteristics （secondary metabolites, defense-related proteins etc.） when groups of plants shared common resources, so as to minimize competition with close relatives. The density of kin recognition is influenced by environmental condi- tions. The main reasons for controversial experimental results of kin recognition are associated with plant materi- als, standard of kin selection, ecological factors and measured indices. Further studies are required to understand the mechanisms of kin interactions in plants from physiological, biochemical, molecular and metabolic levels.