高效抗逆转录病毒疗法不同干预时间对艾滋病母婴传播阻断效果的影响

Study of different intervention time of HAART in PMTCT of the blocking effect

目的：探讨高效抗逆转录病毒疗法（HAART）在预防艾滋病母婴传播（PMTCT）中不同干预时间对阻断效果的影响。方法选择门诊检查并住院分娩的 HIV 阳性妊娠妇女49例，以干预时间孕14周、孕28周、临产为界分三组，A 组20例，B 组19例，C 组10例，对安全分娩的新生儿50例进行18个月的跟踪检测，并分析结果。结果三组抗病毒前艾滋病感染孕产妇的基础免疫状况有可比性（P ＞0．05）。抗病毒后CD ＋4细胞数量变化差异无统计学意义（P ＞0．05）；阻断效果比较：A 组婴儿0感染，B 组1例婴儿感染，C 组2例婴儿感染，A 组和 B 组差异无统计学意义（χ2＝0．97，P ＞0．05），B 组和 C 组差异无统计学意义（χ2＝1.40，P ＞0．05），A 组和 C 组差异有统计学意义（χ2＝4．08，P ＜0．05）。结论HAART 对于阻断 HIV 母婴传播效果非常显著，如果在孕14周开始 HAART，婴儿 HIV 感染率更低，建议及早抗病毒治疗，新生儿分娩后需加强随访和管理。

Objective To investigate the HAART in PMTCT different intervention time of blocking effect. Methods 49 cases who received out -patient examination and hospital delivery of HIV positive pregnant women were selected,the intervention time pregnant 14 weeks,pregnant 28 weeks.The patients were divided into three groups,group A （n =20）,group B （n =19）,group C （n =10）.The safe delivery,the newborn 50 out of 18 months of tracking and detection,and the results were analyzed.Results Three groups of antiviral HIV infected maternal immune status （P 〉0.05 ）,antiviral CD ＋4 cell number variation had no statistical significance （P 〉0.05 ）,the blocking effect was A group of infants 0 infection.In group B,1 cases of infant infection.Group C 2 cases of infant infection.Compared between group A and group B,the difference was not statistically significant （χ2 =0.97,P 〉0.05）,compared between group B and group C,the difference was not statistically significant （χ2 =1.40,P 〉0.05）. Compared between group A and group C,the difference had statistical significance （χ2 =4.08,P 〈0.05 ）. Conclusion HAART for blocking HIV mother to child transmission effect is very significant,if in 14 weeks pregnant initiation of HAART,the infant HIV infection rate is lower,recommended the early antiviral treatment and after childbirth to strengthen follow -up and management.