系统化社交技能技巧训练对慢性精神分裂症患者住院康复疗效的影响

Effects of systematic social skills training on rehabilitation in hospitalized chronic schizophrenia patients

目的：探讨系统化社交技能技巧训练对慢性精神分裂症患者住院康复疗效的影响。方法将符合诊断标准的76例长期住院慢性精神分裂症患者按数字表法随机分为干预组和对照组，两组患者均接受精神科常规治疗、护理及一般工娱治疗，干预组在此基础上实施12周的系统化社交技能技巧训练。采用住院精神病人康复疗效评定量表（IPROS）、住院慢性精神分裂症社会功能评定量表（SSSI）在患者干预前、干预12周末分别进行评定并比较。结果实施12周的系统化社交技能技巧训练后，干预组社会功能缺陷级别SSSI 评分明显高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（χ2＝8．952，P ＜0．05）。干预组 IPROS 量表评分中工疗情况、生活能力、社交能力、讲究卫生能力、关心和兴趣、IPROS 总分分别为（10．3±5．5）分、（12．1±5．7）分、（6．2±3．5）分、（3．3±3．3）分、（9．6±4．5）分、（44．6±20．4）分，对照组分别为（19．4±4．5）分、（16．5±4．7）分、（13．6±4．1）分、（5．5±3．1）分、（18．2±4．2）分、（73．2±16．3）分，两组差异均有统计学意义（t ＝7．160、4.188、6．165、2．568、6．632、8．259，均 P ＜0．05）。干预组与干预前相比，IPROS 各因子及总分的评分比较差异均有统计学意义（t ＝8．890、7．923、8．321、3．195、8．21、9．852，均 P ＜0．01）。结论系统化的社交技能技巧训练能够显著提高慢性精神分裂症患者的住院康复疗效，提高其社交技能和生活质量。

Objective To explore the impact of the systematic social skills training on recovery of in -patients with chronic schizophrenia.Methods A total of 78 cases of long -term hospitalized patients with chronic schizophrenia were randomly divided into intervention group and control group on the basis of random number table. The two groups received psychiatric routine therapy and nursing,and general entertainment therapy,and the patients in the intervention group received group social skills training for 12 weeks.IPROS and SSSI were respectively used to evaluate two groups before the intervention,trained for 12 weeks.Results After 12 weeks＇of systematic social skills training,social function defect levels SSSI score in the intervention group was apparently higher than that in the control group,and the difference was significant （χ2 =8.952,P 〈0.05 ）.Compared with the control group （19.4 ± 4.5）points,（16.5 ±4.7 ）points,（13.6 ±4.1 ）points,（5.5 ±3.1 ）points,（18.2 ±4.2 ）points,（73.2 ± 16.3）points,in the intervention group public medical situation （10.3 ±5.5）points,life ability（12.1 ±5.7）points, social ability（6.2 ±3.5）points,antiseptic ability （3.3 ±3.3）points,concern and interest （9.6 ±4.5）points as well as the total score of IPROS （44.6 ±20.4）,the differences were significant（t =7.760,6,188,8.165,2.568, 6.632,8.259,all P 〈0.05）.Compared with before intervention,each factor in IPROS and the total score in the inter-vention group had statistically significant differences （t =8.890,7.923,8.321,3.195,8.21,9.852,all P 〈0.01）. Conclusion The systematic social skills training can greatly promote the recovery of in -patients with chronic schiz-ophrenia,improve their social skills and life qualities.Compared with control group,the social function of patients in the intervention group has recovered positively.