不锈钢食具材料中重金属元素的迁移行为

Migration behavior of heavy metals from stainless steel utensils

以乙酸和氯化钠为浸泡液浸泡用于食具容器的200系、304和316L不锈钢,比较研究浸泡液浓度、温度、浸泡时间、Cl-浓度、不锈钢材质等对不锈钢中重金属元素迁移的影响。结果表明,乙酸溶液浓度的增大和浸泡温度的升高会明显增大不锈钢材料中主要重金属离子的迁移量;随着浸泡时间的延长,不锈钢中Cr、Mn和Pb元素的迁移量均呈上升趋势,而Ni、Cd和As等元素的迁移量变化不明显;Cl-的存在会促进不锈钢中Cr和Mn等重金属元素的释放,而对其他重金属元素迁移量的影响不太明显;不同材质的不锈钢浸泡后重金属元素的迁移量也不同,其中316L钢最耐腐蚀,适用于生产不锈钢食具容器。

Different concentrations of acetic acid and sodium chloride solutions were used to immerse the 200 series,304and 316 Lstainless steel for utensils to study the influences of concentration of soaking solution,reaction temperature,exposure time,Cl-contents and grade of stainless steel on the heavy metal migration of stainless steels.The results show that the increase in concentration of acetic acid and reaction temperature can significantly promote the migration of major heavy metals.With the extension of the soaking time,the migration of Cr,Mn and Pb from three kinds of stainless steel all sees constant increase.By raising Cl-content,the release of Cr and Mn in stainless steel also grows and however,that of other heavy metals sees no change.The grade of stainless steel also influences the migration of heavy metals,and among three kinds of stainless steel,316 Lis most resistant to erosion and thus most suitable for the production of food utensils.