黄河下游驼峰河段演变的特殊性研究

Study on Particularity of Hump Reach Evolution in Lower Yellow River

黄河下游高村至孙口河段因经常出现过流能力明显小于其上下游河段的驼峰现象而被称之为驼峰河段。根据实测资料分析驼峰河段不同于其上下游河段特殊的边界条件,探讨驼峰河段特殊的演变规律,结果表明:1驼峰河段具有易淤难冲的特点,属于冲淤交替变化的临界河段;2黄河下游河底高程抬升幅度最大的河段在高村附近,比降最小的河段在孙口—艾山附近;31974—2002年滩唇高程在驼峰河段增加最多,驼峰河段平滩河宽远小于上游河段平滩河宽,驼峰河段平滩断面面积也较小。

The river reach between Gaocun and Sunkou of the Yellow River is named "hump reach". It frequently occurs hump phenomenon.This paper mainly based on the field data analyzed the special boundary conditions of"hump reach", which was different with the upstream and downstream sections and explored the particularity evolution of the hump reach.The results show that a) the hump reach has the characteristics of easy sedimentation and difficult to be scoured, it is in the critical section of scouring and deposition; b ) the maximum uplift of river elevation is near Gaocun, and the minimum slope of the river near the Sunkou-Aishan section and; c) the beach elevation in the"hump reach"is increased mostly, hump reach′s bankfull width is much less than that of the upstream river's, also the bankfull area of the hump reach is less.