“烦”“畏”“死”:海德格尔生存哲学的情绪体验及反思

"Trouble", "Fear", " Deadness" :Emotional Experiences and Reflections of Heidegger's Philosophy of Existence

海德格尔始终关注人的存在问题,他对人的生存状态所作的"烦""畏""死"的追问不仅建构了生存哲学的基本意义、基本情态和基本内容,而且也穿越了人类的历史之境而在当下活生生地存在着。"烦""畏""死"是人存在的情绪体验,"烦"使人意识到自身的自由和责任,"畏"使人意识到自身的处境和代价;"死"使人意识到自身的价值和意义。虽然人们对海德格尔的认识和态度有所不同,对"烦""畏""死"的理解和感悟有所不同,但或多或少都会受到海德格尔及其思想的影响,都存在于"烦""畏""死"的情绪体验之中。当我们遭遇诸多现代性困难,常常有沉入矛盾深渊之感时,我们更要追求自由,担当责任,感受意义,体验快乐,宽容世界,感恩存在。

Heidegger always concerned himself about human existence.His questioning of the feelings of"trouble","fear",and"deadness" concerning human existence has not only constructed the basic meanings,spirit and contents of survival philosophy,but also traversed human history to have been living vigorously nowadays.The feelings of "trouble","fear" and "deadness" are the emotional experiences of human existence."Trouble" makes people aware of their own freedom and responsibilities."Fear" makes people realize their situations and costs."Deadness" makes people conscious of their own values and significance.Although they vary in their recognition and attitudes towards Heidegger and in their understanding and perception of his"trouble","fear"and"deadness", people are more or less influenced by Heidegger and his thoughts and have the emotional experiences of"trouble","fear"and"deadness".When we encounter many modern dilemma and often get ourselves involved in contradictions,we should pursue freedom,shoulder responsibilities,experience significance and happiness,tolerate the world,feel grateful for our existence.