护理专业实习生的自尊水平及影响因素调查

Investigation on Self-esteem Level and Influence Factors of Nursing Students

目的分析高职护理专业实习生的自尊水平及其相关因素,为开展实习心理指导提供依据。方法采用自尊量表,领悟社会支持量表和简易应对方式量表进行问卷调查和分析,选取131名高职护理专业实习生,并以185名在校生为对照组进行对照研究。结果 (1)高职护理专业实习生的自尊水平(t=2.985,P=0.003),积极应对方式(t=3.088,P=0.002)高于非实习生。(2)以自尊为预测变量,在自尊(t=-2.873,P=0.005)和领悟社会支持(t=-2.783,P=0.006)方面,独生学生的分数都低于非独生学生;在领悟社会支持方面,城镇学生高于乡村学生,(t=2.590,P=0.011);(3)自尊与领悟社会支持(r=0.497)和积极应对(r=0.341)呈正相关,与消极应对(r=-0.236)呈负相关;领悟社会支持与积极应对(r=0.395)呈正相关。(4)回归分析得到标准化回归方程:自尊=0.348(领悟社会支持)+0.293(积极应对)-0.287(消极应对),总解释率为32.5%。结论经过实习锻炼,学生的自尊水平有所提高,能够更多地采用积极应对方式来面对困难和挫折。建议学校和实习医院的相关人员能够加强对实习生心理状况的关注,并积极引导学生领悟各方面的社会支持,利用积极应对方式来面对应激事件和挫折,保持良好的心理健康状态。

Objective To analyze the levels of self-esteem of vocational nursing intern and related factors for the development of expertise provide the basis for psychological counseling. Methods Self-esteem scale, perceived social support scale and simple coping scale questionnaire and analysis, selected 131 vocational nursing interns and 185 students were compared to the control group. Results （1） Esteem vocational nursing intern （t=2.985, P=0.003）, positive coping style （t=-3.088, P=0.002） than non- interns. （2） As a predictor of self-esteem, self-esteem （t=-2.873, P=0.005） and perceived social support （t=-2.783, P=0.006） aspect, begotten student scores are lower than the non-exclusive born students, in perceived social support, urban students is higher than rural students, （t=2.590, P=0.011）. （3） Self-esteem and perceived social support （r=0.497） and a positive response （t=0.341） were positively correlated with negative coping （ r-=- 0.236） negatively correlated, perceived social support and positive coping （r=0.395） were positively correlated. （4） To give standardized regression equation regression analysis： self-esteem=0.348 （perceived social support） ＋ 0.293 （positive response） - 0.287 （negative response）, the total rate of 32.5% explained. Conclusion After internship training, student self-esteem level has increased, it is possible to use more positive coping to face the difficulties and setbacks. Stakeholders suggested that schools and hospitals intern intern to strengthen focus on psychological status, and actively guide students to comprehend all aspects of social support, the use of positive coping to face stressful events and setbacks, to maintain good mental health.