外语学习者语用能力建构

The Reconstruction of Pragmatic Competence of Foreign Language Learners

现有的对于语用能力的定义多数是基于母语习得环境而界定的母语说话人的语用能力,而非外语学习环境下外语学习者的语用能力。在母语说话人的交际能力框架下定义语用能力,将其等同于言语行为能力,甚至将其与语言能力对立的观点存在明显的局限性。笔者立足于外语学习背景,重新界定了语用能力,并对其在词汇、句法和语篇层面的表现提供了分析和解释。

This article examines the notion of pragmatic competence discussed over the past decades with a critical viewpoint,focusing on how it should be redefined and analyzed from the perspective of foreign language learners.It points out that most of the existing definitions are provided with reference to native language acquiring environment rather than foreign language learning environment and therefore the defining of pragmatic competence to foreign language learners within the framework of communicative competence or even equating pragmatic competence with speech act competence as opposed to linguistic competence is problematic.This article redefines the pragmatic competence of foreign language learners and exemplifies it at the lexical,syntactic,and textual level.