备用水源地农田面源优先控制污染物筛选研究

Research on Screening of Precedence-controlled Pollutants of Backup Water Source with Farmland Non-point Source Pollution

根据备用水源地污染物的来源,将备用水源地污染分为农业污染型、工业污染型、生活污染型和混合污染型,利用等标污染负荷法确定水源地污染类型,并对该污染类型对应的污染源展开调查;将潜在危害指数与污染物的排放参数、暴露量和持久性参数综合起来,建立了一种新的筛选方法,该方法简单、计算量小,适用于某一污染类型水源地优先控制污染物的筛选;以扬州市夹江备用水源地为例,利用改进的潜在危害指数法对需优先控制的污染物进行了筛选,结果表明夹江备用水源地污染类型为农业污染型,农田面源污染物主要是农药和化肥,通过对23种农药的潜在危害性进行排序分析,确定了5种农药作为夹江备用水源地优先控制的污染物。

Based on the pollution sources of the backup water source, this paper divides the pollution into three types, namely agricultural, industrial, domestic and mixed, and identifies the pollution type of the backup water source with the equal-standard pollution load method, and then investigates the pollution sources corresponding to that pollution type. Combining the potential hazard index of the pollutants with the pollutant emissions parameters, amount of exposure and persistence parameters of the pollutants, the paper builds a new method of screening,which is simple with small amount of calculation and is suitable for the screening of precedence-controlled pollutants of water source of certain pollution type. Taking the back- up water source in Jiajiang River in Yangzhou City as a case study, the paper screens the precedence-con- trolled pollutants by using the improved potential hazard index method. The pollution of the backup water source of Jiajiang River is of agricultural pollution type. Through investigating, the paper gets 23 kinds of pesticides and by using the modified method of potential hazard index,it sorts out the pollutants,and five kinds of pesticides are identified as the precedence-controlled pollutants of backup water source of Jiajiang River.