猪胃肠道谷氨酸代谢及其对机体健康的影响

Metabolism of Glutamic Acid in Gastrointestinal Tract and Its Effects on Health of Pigs

谷氨酸是组成蛋白质或肽的结构氨基酸之一。胃和小肠能吸收游离谷氨酸,结肠上皮细胞及结肠微生物也能利用肠腔内的谷氨酸。食物中的谷氨酸在胃肠道被大量代谢,为肠道完整性和功能维持提供了大量三磷酸腺苷(ATP),是胃肠道的主要能量来源。此外,谷氨酸是谷氨酰胺等其他氨基酸以及一些生物活性分子的前体,发挥着营养、免疫调节和抗氧化应激等生理作用。本文综述谷氨酸在猪胃肠道的代谢机制及其对机体健康的影响。

Glutamic acid is one of constituents of protein or peptide. The free glutamic acid can be absorbed by the stomach and small intestine and also can be utilized by colonic epithelial cells and its microbes. The most of glutamic acid in diets is metabolized in the gastrointestinal tract,which provides plenty of adenosine triphosphate（ ATP） to maintain the gut integrity and functions and is used as the main energy source of the gastrointestinal tract. In addition,as the principal precursor of other amino acids and bioactive molecules,glutamic plays nutritional,immunoregulatory and anti-oxidative functions. In the present review,the metabolism of glutamic acid in the gastrointestinal tract and its effects on the health of pigs were summarized.