伤亡Vs病死:一个清代宝坻县首事人之死的证据学分析

Injury vs disease:an evidentiary analysis of a headman's death in Baodi county of qing dynasty

在致死原因分析上,疾病与外伤关系是个难题。通过清代相关案件的分析,是通过关注有口鼻粪门出血这个关键征象来判定的,在现场没有记载的情况下,则通过调取仵作或相关当事人回忆来佐证。清代的这种判定方法在今天看来是有缺陷的,但它验证了证据是有主观性这个命题,反映了证据的证明力是社会文化共同体的创造产物。

It’s a tough question of the death causation analysis of disease and injury. In Qing Dynasty, it was believed that it could be concluded from bleeding from mouth, nose, vagina or gastrointestinal tract. If there were no On-The-Spot record, they would rely on the memories of Wuzuo or the parties concerned. It illustrates that the subjectivity of evidence though the approach is crippled in today’s world. Such reviews also tell us that the competency of evidence is a product of a socio-cultural community.