试析苏联与阿富汗联盟的基础及影响

On the Basis and Influence of the Alliance between Soviet Union and Afghanistan

阿富汗自1919年建国起,就奉行不结盟的外交政策。1978年4月,阿富汗四月革命后,信仰社会主义意识形态的阿富汗人民民主党上台执政,12月与苏联签订了《苏阿友好睦邻合作条约》,两国正式结盟。苏阿联盟的"硬"基础是通过合作更多地谋求各自国家利益,"软"基础是对社会主义意识形态的认同。阿富汗希望通过苏联的援助来增加他们获胜的机会,苏联则试图通过与阿富汗结盟来确保南部边疆的安全并扩大社会主义阵营的影响。

Since Afghanistan was founded in 1919, it pursued a non-aligned policy. In April, 1978, the April Movement broke out and Afghan People＇s Democratic Party, which believed in socialist ideology, came to power. In December, Afghanistan signed the Treaty of Friendship and Neighborly Cooperation with Soviet Union, which signified the formal alliance between the two countries. The hard basis of this alliance is to seek more benefits respectively and the soft basis is the identification of socialist ideology. Afghanistan hoped to increase its chance of winning with the help of Soviet Union. Soviet Union hoped to ensure the safety of its south border through this alliance and expand the influence of socialist bloc.