胡塞尔先验现象学视角下的统一场论困境

The Plight of the Unified Field Theory from the Perspective of the Husserl's Transcendental Phenomenology

统一场论的当前发展遭遇多重困境,尤其是其理论和经验多方面的背离。在历史上,统一场论的早期代表——外尔统一场论的发展情况和统一场论当下发展情况存在诸多相似,外尔统一场论在发展中也曾和当代统一场论(超弦、圈量子理论)一样遭遇重重危机。但外尔统一场论最后取得了一定的成功,这和它在诞生时受到胡塞尔先验现象学的影响有直接关系。胡塞尔先验现象学认为,对本质的把握不需要依靠经验的事实,而是靠"直取",本质"是在一般方式中纯粹作为一种本质单一体被判断的",表现在具体科学的公理中显现为"直接明证性"的判断。外尔接受并采纳了胡塞尔先验现象学思想,由此确立了基于对称的规范不变性思想,并成为外尔统一场论诞生直至成功始终不变的基本原则和理论核心。统一场论在当前发展的相关研究中,也要尝试明确类似的原则和理论内核,才能走出困境。

The current development approach of the unified field theory suffered multiple difficulties, especially the deviation be- tween its theoretical and empirical aspects. As a matter of fact, the early？ exponent？ of the unified field theory - the Weyl unified field theory suffered the similar development difficulties. The Weyl unified field theory and the contemporary unified field theory （superstring, circle quantum theory） all had encountered the same crises during the development. However, the Weyl unified field theory finally achieved some success,because it was directly influenced by the Husserl＇s transcendental phenomenology at the time of birth. The Hussed＇s transcendental phenomenology believed that the essence was grasped by ＂straight＂, not relied on the experi- ence of the facts. At this time, the essence was ＂judged purely as an essential single in general＂, appearing as the judgment with ＂straight clear proof＂ in the axioms of concrete science. Weyl accepted and adopted the thought of the Hussed＇s transcendental phenomenology, thus he established the gauge invariance theory based on the principle of symmetry , and it became the basically unchanged principle and core theory of the Weyl unified field theory since the beginning. The relevant research of the unified field theory in current development should also try to clear the similar principles and core theories, so it could go out of the dilemma.