基于RS和GIS的黄冈市湿地动态变化研究

Research of the Dynamic Change of Wetlands in Huanggang City Based on RS and GIS

为推进黄冈市湿地资源可持续利用与有效管理,运用RS和GIS对2000年、2010年黄冈市的遥感影像进行信息解译和提取,确定了湿地类型的面积和分布状况,并结合动态度模型分析了湿地类型的动态变化及其驱动力。研究2表明2000~2010年黄冈市湿地总面积减少了1 200.29 km^2,尤其是河湖湿地、水稻田和沼泽湿地减少较多;各湿地类型双向变化率都较小,而建设用地却高达12.21%,湿地受人为活动干扰明显;社会经济发展对天然湿地的不合理开发占用以及湿地自身演化、气候变化是湿地变化的重要驱动力。

In this paper, in order to promote the sustainable utilization and effective management of wetland resource in Huanggang City, RS and GIS were used for information interpretation and extraction of the remote sensing images in Huanggang city in the year of 2000 and 2010. The status of area and distribution of the wetlands were determined and the dynamic change and driving force of the wetlands were analyzed based on the dynamic degree model. The results showed that the total wetland area in Huanggang City was reduced by 1 200.29 square kilometers from 2 000 to 2010, especially the area of river-lake wetland, rice paddy and marsh decreased seriously. The bidirectional change rates of all kinds of wetlands were smaller, while that of construction land reached to 12.21%, so wetlands were obviously influenced by human activities. The social and economic development led to unreasonable exploitation and occupancy of natural wetlands, the evolution of wetlands themselves and climate change were the important driving forces for wetland change.