青花椒香气快速气相电子鼻响应特征及GC-MS物质基础分析

Aroma Response Characteristic Analysis with Fast Gas Phase Electronic Nose and Volatile Components Analysis with GC-MS of Green Prickly Ash

利用HeraclesⅠ快速气相电子鼻采集我国主要产地青花椒电子鼻响应信号,运用主成分分析和显著响应信号筛选对不同产地青花椒进行挥发性物质模式分类与特征分析,结果显示,8个产地青花椒分为3类,表现为明显有差异的六维蛛网图谱特征。进一步采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪对其物质构成进行定性定量分析,共检测出68种化合物,其中39个成分为8个产地3类青花椒所共有。这些成分主要为烯类、醇类、酯类及少量其他化合物。烯烃和醇类化合物为主要构成物质,占青花椒挥发性物质总相对含量的89%以上,而烯醇比则是3类青花椒主要物质构成差异所在,分别表现为顶坛青花椒烯醇均衡型(烯醇比1∶1)、沂蒙山青花椒显著高烯低醇型(烯醇比2.5∶1),重庆、江津、金阳、洪雅、汉源、昆明高烯低醇型(烯醇比约2∶1)。研究结果对青花椒产地区分、香气分类与特征解析等技术研究与应用具有重要的意义。

Green prickly ash samples from 8 main producing areas in China were collected in this study.The response signals collected by Heracles I fast gas phase electronic nose for prickly ash were analyzed by principal component analysis（PCA） and significant response signal screening.Volatile components were detected and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）.The electronic nose results showed 8 samples were divided into 3 types.Each type showed a 6 dimensional cobweb map,which was obviously different from each other.A total of 68 compounds were identified in all 8 samples,39 of which were common to these samples including olefins,alcohols,esters and small amounts of other compounds.Olefins and alcohols were the major volatile compounds among these 39 common components,accounting for more than 89%of the total amount of volatile compounds.The ratio of olefins to alcohols was the main difference among 3 types of green prickly ash.Green Prickly ash from Dintan represented type 1 with similar contents of olefins and alcohols（olefins：alcohols = 1：1）,green prickly ash grown in Yimeng Mountain area represented type2 with significantly higher content of olefins and lower content of alcohols（olefins：lcohols = 2.5：1）,and the other 6 samples including green prickly ash from Chongqing,Jiangjin,Jinyang,Hongya,Kunming,and Hanyuan showed higher content of olefins and lower content of alcohols（olefins：alcohols = 2：1）.These results are of great significance for geographic origin discrimination,aroma classification and characteristics analysis of Chinese green prickly ash.