气调包装对刀豆贮藏品质及抗氧化酶活性的影响

Effect of Modified Atmosphere Packaging on Storage Quality and Activities of Antioxidant Enzymes of Sword Bean

为探讨刀豆最适宜气调包装气体组分,在（20±1）℃和相对湿度80%~90%条件下,以盒中充空气为对照1（CK1）及盒中充空气后盒侧打孔为对照2（CK2）,研究了9组气体组分（O2＋CO2,N2为平衡气）处理对刀豆贮藏品质及抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明,与其他处理组及对照组相比,气体组分为1%~4%O2＋1%CO2处理的刀豆感官品质最好,其有效地抑制了刀豆粗纤维和丙二醛含量增加,维持了刀豆叶绿素、VC、可溶性糖和还原糖的含量,并抑制了刀豆多酚氧化酶活性上升和超氧化物歧化酶活性降低,但其对维持刀豆可溶性蛋白含量和过氧化物酶活性的效果与部分处理组之间差异不大,且得出9组处理之间刀豆的质量损失率差异不显著。在此基础上,用主成分分析法对各处理进行了综合评价,得出最适宜刀豆贮藏的气体组分为1%~4%O2＋1%CO2。

This study aimed to explore the optimum initial gas composition for modified atmosphere packaging（MAP）of sword bean.The effects of different initial gas composition（O_2 ＋ CO_2,N_2 as the balance gas） on storage quality and antioxidant enzyme activities of sword bean during storage at（20 ± 1） ℃ and relative humidity（RH） of 80%-90%were studied.Sword bean packaged in air were used as controls.The result indicated that packages with 1%-4%O2＋1%CO2showed the best sensory quality,and could significantly inhibit the decline in the contents of crude fiber and malonaldehyde（MDA） when compared with other packages and controls.Furthermore,sword bean packaged in 1%-4%O2＋1%CO2 could maintain high contents of chlorophyll,vitamin C,soluble sugar and reducing sugar.Through analysis of antioxidant enzyme activities of sword bean,we found that packages with 1%-4%O_2＋1%CO_2 significantly delayed the increase in polyphenol oxidase（PPO） activity and the decrease in superoxide dismutase（SOD） activity in comparison with other packages and controls.However,the results showed that the effect of packages with 1%-4%O2＋1%CO2 on soluble protein and peroxidase（POD） activity of sword bean was not better than that of other packages,and no differences in weight loss ratio were found among all packages.Then,the comprehensive evaluation by principal component analysis（PCA） based on the previous analysis showed that packages with 1%-4%O2＋1%CO2 were optimal for maintaining the quality of sword bean during storage.