现代汉语趋向补语虚化现象研究综述

A Summary of Grammaticalization of Modern Chinese Directional Complement

由于对现代汉语语法体系中位于谓词性成分之后的趋向动词这类语法单位的性质、语义及功能的认识存在较大差异,近百年来,学者们通过大量研究提出了各自不同的主张。20世纪80年代以来的趋向补语研究主要集中在三个方面:趋向动词性质的界定、趋向补语的语义研究、趋向补语句法结构研究。与前辈大师们把"趋向动词"进行整体性考察不同,近年来的研究多以单个或几个趋向动词为中心进行"散点式"研究,更大的问题是,对趋向补语的研究越来越走向人为的"复杂化"。原因主要来自两个方面:第一,对外汉语教学研究对汉语本体研究的"负"牵引;第二,缺乏符合汉语实际的先进理论的指导。

Because of the nature,meaning and function of the semantic and functional understanding of the grammatical units in the modern Chinese grammar system,there is a big difference in the nature,meaning and function of the verbs. Since 80 th in twentieth Century,the trend of the complement of the research mainly focuses on three aspects： the definition of the nature of the directional verb,the semantic study of the trend complement,the syntactic structure of the directional complement. In recent years,the study trend of a single or a few to the verb as the center of the ＂ scattered point type＂is difference from ＂the directional verb＂carrying out the overall investigation proposed by the predecessors,the larger problem is that the study becomes direction of the complement of the more and more artificial＂complicate＂. The reasons are mainly from two aspects： the first,the research on the Chinese teaching in the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language,the second,which is lack of the guidance of the advanced theory.